Cleveland-Cliffs: A Steel Giant’s Evolution and Market Realities
Cleveland-Cliffs has transformed from an iron ore supplier into a dominant North American steel producer through strategic acquisitions. The company now operates as a vertically integrated entity, controlling both steel mills and critical raw materials like iron ore. Yet its reliance on blast furnace technology—an older, cost-intensive method—leaves it vulnerable to steel price volatility.
Unlike competitors such as Nucor, which utilize agile electric-arc mini-mills, Cleveland-Cliffs faces operational rigidity. When demand falters, its high fixed costs can quickly erode profits. The stock's appeal hinges on investor appetite for cyclical exposure: high rewards during steel booms, punishing losses in downturns.